摘要：

目的分析安徽省居民新型冠状病毒肺炎（NCP）相关的知识、态度和行为现况。方法利用问卷星自行设计电子调查问卷对居民进行匿名式网络方便抽样调查，以安徽省居民为调查对象，进行现况调查研究，共调查对象4 016名。调查内容包括居民的基本信息，居民对NCP的认知、态度、心理和防控行为等，以及居民对政府及卫生部门采取防控措施的满意度和对今后防控措施的意见和建议。问卷不涉及任何隐私信息，所有题目限定为必填项，以保证应答率。结果 4 016名调查对象的年龄M （P₂₅，P₇₅）为21(19, 24）岁，范围为7~80岁；男性为1 431名（35.6%）。网络社交工具（97.8%，3 929名）是调查对象最主要的疫情信息来源渠道；调查对象对NCP咳嗽（99.5%，3 997名）和发烧（96.0%，3857名）症状，飞沫传播（99.5%，3995名）、气溶胶传播（81.1%，3258名）、接触传播（92.3%，3 708名）的传播途径知晓率较高，但对肌肉疼痛或疲劳（62.7%，2518名）的症状知晓率较低。92.6%（3 720名）的对象认为此次疫情比较可怕或非常可怕。在心理行为得分上，女性（9.38±4.81）高于男性（8.45±5.00），城市（9.37±5.02）高于农村（8.71±4.75），医务工作者（10.79±5.19）高于非医务工作者（学生：8.85±4.83；事业单位人员：9.02±5.08；其他：8.97±5.39）（P值均<0.05）。71.9%（2 887名）的对象对当地的疫情防控措施表示满意；调查对象不聚会、少出门，出门佩戴口罩，不去人多且封闭的场所的行为执行率较高，分别为97.4%（3 913名）、93.6%（3 758名）和91.5%（3 673名）。结论安徽省居民对NCP相关的知识、态度和行为情况较好，但需进一步加强社区宣传、居民心理健康维护和学生健康教育等工作力度。

关键词：知识;态度;行为;新型冠状病毒肺炎

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the current situation of the knowledge, attitudes and practice about Novelcoronavirus pneumonia (NCP) of the residents in Anhui Province.Methods Anonymous network sampling survey was carried out with an electronic questionnaire that designed by the questionnaire star, and a total of 4016 subjects from Anhui province were investigated. The content of the survey includes that the basic information of subjects,the residents' knowledge, attitudes and practice about NCP, as well as their satisfaction with the prevention and control measures adopted by the government and health authorities and the suggestions on future prevention. The questionnaire doesn't involve any privacy information, and all questions were mandatory to ensure the response rate.Results The M(P₂₅, P₇₅)age the 4 016 subjects was 21 (19, 24) years old, and the ranging from 7 to 80 years old. The number of males was 1 431(35.6%). Social networking tools such as WeChat and QQ were the main sources of epidemic information for residents (97.8%, 3 929 respondents). Residents had higher awareness rate of cough (99.5%, n=3 997) and fever(96.0%, n=3 857) symptoms, the transmission by droplets (99.5%, n=3 995), aerosol transmission (81.1%, n= 3 258), and contact transmission (92.3%, n=3 708), but lower awareness of symptoms os muscle pain or fatigue (62.7%, n=2 518). 92.6% of the subjects (n=3 720) think that the outbreak was scary. In terms of psychological behavior scores, the results showed that female (9.38±4.81), the urban (9.37±5.02) and the medical workers (10.79±5.19) had a poorer mental health than the male (8.45±5.00), the rural (8.71±4.75) and the non-medical workers (the students: 8.85±4.83; public institude workers: 9.02±5.08; others: 8.97±5.39) (P<0.05). 71.9% of the residents (n=2 887)were satisfied with the local epidemic control measures. The residents took various of the measures to prevent and control the epidemic. The ratio of residents that could achieve"no gathering and less going out","wear masks when going out"and"do not go to crowded and closed places"was up to 97.4% (n=3 913), 93.6% (n=3758) and 91.5% (n=3 673) respectively.Conclusion The residents in Anhui province have a good KAP about NCP, yet it is necessary to strengthen the community publicity, the mental health maintenance of residents and students' health education.

Key words: Knowledge;Attitude;Practice;Novel coronavirus pneumonia

发表日期：2020/2

引用本文：

http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200205-00069

链接本文：

http://www.pubhealth.org.cn/new/cn/book_show.asp?id=6392

图/表:

参考文献:

[1]HuangC, WangY, LiX, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China [J]. Lancet, 2020, In press. DOI: 10.1016 /S0140-6736(20) 30183-5.
[2]World Health Organization. Novel Coronavirus-China [EB/OL]. [2020-01-30]. https://www. who. int/csr/don /12-january-2020-novel-coronavirus-china/en/.
[3]姚应水．心理统计学[M]. 3版．北京：人民卫生出版社,2018.
[4]靳英辉，蔡琳，程真顺，等．新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）感染的肺炎诊疗快速建议指南（标准版)[J]．解放军医学杂志，2020,待发表.
[5]李新华，高福．新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎公众防护指南[M]．北京：人民卫生出版社,2020.
[6]齐晔，陈刘欢，张栗，等．新型冠状病毒感染肺炎的公众认知、态度和行为研究[J]．热带医学杂志，2020，待发表.
[7]李东．新型冠状病毒的社区防控策略[J]．医学导报，2020，待发表.

摘要：