中华医学会主办。
文章信息
- 张晓畅 吕跃斌 周锦辉 陈晨 李成橙 蔡军芳 曹兆进 赵峰 刘迎春 顾珩 路凤 施小明
- ZhangXiaochang,LyuYuebin,ZhouJinhui,ChenChen,LiChengcheng,CaiJunfang,CaoZhaojin,ZhaoFeng,LiuYingchun,GuHeng,LuFeng,ShiXiaoming
- 中国9个长寿地区65岁及以上人群中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值与抑郁症状的关联研究
- Association of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with depressive symptoms among older adults aged 65 years and above in 9 longevity areas of China
- 中华预防医学杂志, 2021,55(1)
- http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200812-01112
- 引用本文:
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文章历史
- 投稿日期: 2020-08-12
吕跃斌 1
周锦辉 1
陈晨 1
李成橙 1
蔡军芳 1
曹兆进 1
赵峰 1
刘迎春 1
顾珩 1
路凤 2
施小明 1
Corresponding author: Shi Xiaoming, Email:shixm@chinacdc.cn
抑郁作为一种常见的精神疾病,已导致严重的疾病负担,是全球女性伤残所致健康寿命损失年(years lived with disability, YLDs)的第三大疾病[
对象与方法
一、研究对象 研究对象来源于HABCS研究,该研究采用目标随机抽样方法,于2017—2018年在中国老年学会评选认定的中国9个长寿地区(江苏省南通市如东县、山东省烟台市莱州市、河南省商丘市夏邑县、湖北省荆门市钟祥市、湖南省怀化市麻阳县、广西壮族自治区桂林市永福县、海南省澄迈县和四川省成都市都江堰市、广东省佛山市三水区)进行调查,选择所有自愿参加的≥100岁老人,就近(在同一个村庄或街道,或者同一个抽样县或城市)按照性别匹配与百岁老人及其他所有受访者无任何血缘关系的90~99岁、80~89岁和70~79岁老年人各1名以及65~69岁老年人0.5名,要求其年龄尾数与百岁老年人编号尾数相同,共纳入3 016名研究对象,具体抽样方法和步骤见参考文献[
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图12017—2018年中国9个长寿地区65岁及以上人群的筛选流程图 |
二、主要研究内容及方法 1.问卷调查:由经过培训并合格的调查员采用入户面对面访谈的方式,收集调查对象人口学特征(性别、年龄、教育年限、是否与家人同住等)、行为生活方式(吸烟、饮酒、身体活动、睡眠、水果摄入等)、功能状态(认知功能等)信息。
2.身体测量:由临床医生采用项目统一的测量工具,测量调查对象身高、体重等。具体测量工具和方法详见参考文献[
3.实验室检测:采集调查对象空腹静脉血5 ml,分离血浆后置于-20 ℃低温保存并运至首都医科大学临检中心统一检测。淋巴细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数等血常规指标采用全自动生化分析仪(Hitachi 7180,瑞士罗氏公司)进行检测。
4.分析指标和判定标准:(1)NLR:将中性粒细胞计数和淋巴细胞计数相除,计算NLR。根据NLR的四分位数,将调查对象分成
三、质量控制 调查过程中实行严格的质量控制,调查问卷由专人审核,及时发现问题并进行补充调查。省级或国家级项目组开展现场督导,并随机抽查5%的问卷进行质量核查。对于实验室检测,制定统一的检测作业指导书,采用标准方法对血样进行检测。
四、统计学分析 采用SAS9.4软件进行统计学分析。淋巴细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、NLR等连续型变量呈偏态分布,采用
结果
一、基本情况 2 018名调查对象年龄为(82.60±10.73)岁,其中男性1 032名(51.14%)。有抑郁症状者390名(19.33%)。有无抑郁症状者的人口学特征、饮酒、身体活动、休闲活动、睡眠质量、水果摄入、BMI、认知功能失能、ADL受损、淋巴细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数和NLR的差异均有统计学意义(
二、不同NLR水平对象的抑郁症状检出率 NLR水平
三、NLR与抑郁症状关联的多因素logistic回归模型分析 调整相关混杂因素后,与NLR的
讨论 本研究发现65岁及以上老年人中NLR值与抑郁症状风险呈正向关联。NLR每升高1,抑郁症状风险增加15%,且在女性和≥80岁高龄老人中,NLR与抑郁症状的关联趋势有统计学意义。
在抑郁的发生发展中,免疫炎症反应系统可能发挥着重要作用。炎症反应可导致中枢神经系统功能障碍以及脑功能的改变,继而导致出现抑郁症状。炎性疾病通常会使中性粒细胞计数升高,淋巴细胞计数降低。中性粒细胞在应对炎症反应时分泌多种炎性因子如白细胞介素-1(IL-1)、IL-6,并释放活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS),从而介导氧化应激反应,导致细胞功能损伤,进一步加剧炎症反应。较高的炎性因子还可能使下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴活性增加,引发抑郁症状[
前期国外临床研究发现,重性抑郁障碍患者的NLR水平显著高于健康对照组[
另外,本研究发现老年女性NLR越高,抑郁症状检出风险越高,但在男性中这一趋势并不明显。NLR与抑郁症状之间关系的性别差异可能有如下两个原因:一是女性比男性更易出现情绪障碍,表现出更高的促炎症反应活动,也更易患自身免疫性疾病,从而使抑郁的风险增加[
本研究也有一定局限性:其一,横断面研究设计对于NLR和抑郁症状发生的因果推断能力有限,需要进一步利用前瞻性研究数据探索NLR与抑郁症状发生风险的因果关联。其二,尽管本研究已经考虑了人口学特征、行为生活方式、认知功能、ADL、体格检查指标等因素的影响,但不可避免存在未能调整的混杂因素,可能导致研究结果出现偏倚。
综上所述,本研究结果显示65岁及以上老年人NLR与抑郁症状患病风险呈正向关联。NLR是易于获取、具有成本效益并可反映机体炎症情况的外周血指标,在抑郁的预测、诊断方面有潜在的应用前景。未来可进一步开展队列研究,探索NLR与抑郁症状发生风险的因果关联。
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